Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are a group of impairments affecting the growth and development of the central nervous system. Molecular biological studies have used animal models to reveal genetic mechanisms underlying these disorders and to discover targeted treatments that could reverse neurobiological abnormalities. Human studies have started to benefit from these scientific advances and show potentials of the targeted treatments in some of the NDD. The purpose of the conference was to inform the new advances in targeted treatments to find common pathways and treatments across different disorders, and to fill the gaps in our understanding of the impact from seizures and toxins on genetically vulnerable populations.